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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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二十大代表风采丨柯晓宾:坚守高铁安全一线 诠释大国工匠精神******

  中新网北京10月13日电 题:柯晓宾:坚守高铁安全一线诠释大国工匠精神

  中新网记者 刘育英

  扯断一根头发的力度大约在1800毫牛,手工调整片弹簧结构的触片仅为这个力道的十分之一。“只有上帝亲吻过的手才能将力道控制得如此精准。”中国通号西安工业集团沈信公司电器中心调整三班班长柯晓宾就长了这样一双手。

  柯晓宾所从事的工作,是对继电器的接点进行调整。“高铁有三大技术系统:控、车、路。继电器作为列车运行控制系统的‘神经元’,大到车站的控制中心,小到一个信号灯,每一个电路的切换都离不开它”,柯晓宾向中新网记者介绍。

  继电器手工调整工作在全世界都是难题,人工调整精确度是机器调整所不能及的,国外的公司也都是通过人工调整精确度。调整接点间距的误差需要控制在0.05~0.1毫米之间,调整触片的力度要控制在200毫牛左右,稍有瑕疵就会直接影响电气特性和性能指标导致前功尽弃。

  柯晓宾所在的中国通号西安工业集团沈信公司是一家“隐形冠军”企业,也是中国最大的铁路信号继电器生产基地。公司年产量近60万台,国内市场占有率达70%以上,广泛应用于国内外铁路和城市轨道交通领域。

  “对继电器的调整工作,难点之一是对力度的掌握;其次是需要左右双手同时进行调整”,柯晓宾介绍,为确保接点片一次就能调整到位达到规定指标范围,一个动作有时候就要练几十遍甚至上百遍。

  为了能使双手调试力度相当,柯晓宾专门买了握力器,反复练习手腕力度,仅用半年多的时间,她就已经能够独立承担调整继电器任务,完全胜任岗位。2010年至今,她先后获得“中央企业青年岗位能手”“中央企业技术能手”“全国技术能手”等荣誉称号,逐步成长为调整线上“大师级”的人物。

  2003年,20岁的柯晓宾从铁路机械学校毕业后,进入中国通号西安工业集团沈信公司工作。2010年,柯晓宾参加当年的全国职业技能大赛,学习了关于继电器的理论知识。在此之前,柯晓宾在手法上、技能上已经积累了非常多的经验,而理论学习,让她明白了许多实践操作背后的原理。

  通过多次比赛,柯晓宾逐步成长,并获得“全国技术能手”称号,职业道路也变得开阔。从“是什么”到“为什么”,理论与实践的融会贯通,产生了化学反应,这份工作变得有意思起来。

  前两年,公司有一款继电器的新产品问世,相对于老产品,安全性、可靠性、使用寿命都得到了很大的提高,但是该继电器的一个项点返修率非常高。柯晓宾带领QC小组成员开展课题攻关,通过不断的试验和调试,解决了该继电器在调整序的瓶颈问题,显著降低了返修比率。

  “这件事给我的触动非常大,通过我们调整序职工的努力,竟然可以解决继电器设计生产方面这么大的难题。”2017年柯晓宾创新工作室成立以来,柯晓宾带领团队攻克生产难题29项。

  柯晓宾所在的调整序,是一个工匠精神薪火相传的“明星”工序。2012年,柯晓宾的师父崔宝华当选党的十八大代表。2017年,柯晓宾当选党的十九大代表。2018年,柯晓宾的徒弟牛菲菲当选为共青团十八大代表。

  2022年,柯晓宾又成为党的二十大代表。谈到履职的体会,柯晓宾表示,随着时间的推移,愈发感觉首先要把自己的本职工作做好,练好过硬本领,担实岗位责任,严格要求自己,在工作中发挥模范标杆作用;其次,遇到任何困难、挑战,要能够站出来迎接挑战,关键时刻冲锋在前,克服困难,解决问题。(完)

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